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Sunday, May 31, 2009

Do You Know These Mutual Fund Basics?

By Jane Calhoun

Despite a drastic economic downturn, it seems that mutual funds are still as popular as ever, with many people buying in through their retirement accounts or getting in at low prices. Mutual funds make investing fairly easy, compared to stocks. But one reason people lost money in mutual funds is that they didn't know the mutual fund basics they needed to keep money safe. Although mutual funds are often touted as being easy to invest in and virtually no-lose investments, we know that's not true, and learning more can help you avoid the losses we saw in the past year.

There are thousands of mutual funds available, literally more than 10,000 are traded on the market. Together, all mutual funds have succeed in attracting $4 trillion dollars of investments! It's still possible to profit with mutual funds, but you should understand the basics to know how safe they are for you.

Mutual funds have been popular as a result of great returns over part of the last few decades. Up until 2008, these vehicles were thought to provide diversification, safety and solid returns for the long run. They are easy to buy and sell, and have been thought to be less risky than other investments.

Mutual funds are structured to raise their investment capital from a group of investors who buy shares on the open market. The fund management uses that capital to invest in stocks, bonds, and other securities that match the investment objective of the fund. Usually, there are multiple investments within a fund. As the value rises or falls, so the investors each have a share of that gain or loss. When a dividend is paid to the fund, the shareholders receive a dividend proportionally. this arrangement makes it easier to be invested in a wide variety of vehicles under one umbrella.

The fund managers will continue to sell shares, raising capital and then purchasing stocks, bonds or other investments for fund portfolio. The management team is obligated to follow the stated investment objective of the fund in the purchases it makes. the proceeds of any shares bought by investors provides the cash to invest. At some point, a fund when it grows large enough, may close to any new investors, at which point it is called a "closed end" fund.

Shareholders investing in shares of the fund receive a proportional share position in the mutual fund. Literally the shareholders each have ownership of a piece of the securities within the fund. Generally speaking, shareholders are permitted to freely sell any fund shares they own at any time, with the price to be determined by the daily price fluctuations in the share price, based on the performance of the investments.

It's also true that many investors get their investment ideas based on just a few criteria: the total performance of the fund in the recent past, or through tips from a friend or acquaintance, or by reading magazines or online publications. Even though there is a chance these efforts could result in choosing a good mutual fund, it's still very risky to buy on this basis alone. It's better to have some idea of fund's characteristics, and whether it's a good addition for that particular investor.

Note that every mutual fund has individual characteristics that are unique to it, such things as the performance, the personalities of the management, what the fund's investment objectives are and so on. When choosing a mutual fund, it's better to also consider your own financial plan overall, to see if the fund fits your own objectives. Start by defining your personal financial goals first, and address your financial priorities, the amount of money you have available, and the level of risk you are comfortable with. Put down also in your plan the time line you expect your strategy to bear fruit.

It's always fun to talk about the high-flying funds and their performance returns, or then again, since the crash of 2008-2009, it's not as exciting as it once was. Nevertheless, it is a good lesson to understand that a fund's total return for the previous several months or years simply isn't a very good method for rating mutual fund performance. Whatever high returns a fund may have earned in the past, it only takes one down year for performance ratings to drop dramatically. Remember the old saying, past performance is no guarantee of future returns. Instead, determine which is the right fund for you by looking at other funds in the same category of investment, such as bond funds, growth funds, equity income funds, etc.

You should analyze the track record of a fund beyond just the recent several months, to see the fund's management syle and performance over time. By keeping these mutual fund basics in mind when you look for investments, you'll begin to create a sound investment foundation. - 23199

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